Fabric for tires.



Patented Mar. I9, I90I.

9. w. Tl'LLmGHAsT. FABRIC FUR TIRES I I Model.) l (Applicatipn led May`14, 1900.)

Peg. 7. l

will",

PARDON w. TILLINeHAsnoir noeijwoon, RHODE ISLA-Np.

FABRIC Fosv TIRES.

SPECIFIoATION forming am of Letters 12m-.ent No..67o,413,' dated Maren 19, 19er.'

pinacoteca my 14,1900. sehn N9'. iaevs. (nu specimens" To aZZ whom/ 122i' Wwf/y concern: l Beit known thatl, PARDON W. TILLirie- HAs'r, a citizen of the United States, residing stt-Edgewood, in the county of-Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fabrics for Tires, of which thefollowing is aspeciiication.

My invention is applicable tothe manufacture ofall tires, but is Adesifzued more par# ticularly for the iarge-section pneumatic automobile-tires, which are called upon to support a considerableweight,l amounting in some cases to over one thousand pounds .on each tire, and which in addition must be capable of successfully transmitting 'theenergy exerte'd bythe driving mechanism; Fabrics for` tires of this class are usually of heavy-woven.

or braided material, and although such mate- 'rial presents a more or less regular series of raised thread portions and intermediate depressions the attaching-surface presented for union with the rubber is substantially continuons in one plane and little in excess of a dat surface. The same may be said of the ordinary wound fabrics, the surface of which is equalto about one-half of the circumference of' the parallel threadscomposing'ir. As heretofore constructed, the hard service to which tires of this class are subjected 'causesa separation of the layers of fabric and rubbei' and soon renders them worthless and unfit forfurther service.' Vulcanization -does not sufficienti y unite theordina'ry fabric and rubber to withstand the severe propelling and flexing strains to which these tires are subjected. In :ny-.construction I increase the holding or contact surface of the fabric be youd the' point attained by the use of the o rdinary woven,- braided,or wound fabrics.

It is the object of my invention to supplya means of Vthoroughly uniting` the plies of fabric and surrounding rubber in a tire', and I accomplish thedesi red end by increasing the .surface of the fabric that is in contact with the rubber and by breaking` the surface-line,

so that it is not continuons in the same plane, and by means that 'are hereinafter more fully described so blend the several materials used that they become inseparably united and-cannot be stripped the one from the other except by' wilful destruction of the tire or fabric.

lam enabled to make a tire of lighter and fringed edges.

vstronger construction than those employing the same fabric with the warp-threads broughtl nearer together, forming loops'of the weft--l threads. Fig. represents a rubber strip having cross-threads embedded in it. Fig. 4- is the same strip with llongitudinal threads over the cross-threads.

`same 'strip corrugated inthe direction of lits.

length, forming loops of the cross-threads be-V tween the longitudinal threads.' Fig. 6 is the 'same strip rolled'down intoa compact body. Fig. 7 illustrates another means of forming the strip shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Fig, firep-A resents the productA of Fig. 7. Fig..v 9 is the same as it would appear with the rubber re Fig. i'epresents the moved. Fig. 10 shows tape with -looped and calenderedjonto rubber and curved 'around Fig. I1 shows thelo'oped tapea thread. Fig. 1-2 shews'a s eries of threads and tapes'. of Fig. l.4 Fig. 14 isthe same fabric Galen"- dered onto a rubber strip and loops formed ofthe cross-threadsl Fig. i3 represents a modification of longitudinal threads a and cross-threads hinter-woven with the threads a. -A considerablespace is left-between the 'several threads o., so that when compressed laterally-or the threads a.. A'The threads a are preferably larger than the threads band may be woven closer together or more open than indicated in the drawings' in orderto vary-the length of the loops c.

The threads a and b may be treated with rubber solution'before-.weaving or may afterward be frictioned or calendered onto sheet-rubber. 'l j Figs. 3, 4, and 5 show one manner of producing this fabric. d is a strip of sheet-rubber lon which is cal'endered a strip of fibrous material consisting, essentially, of crossthreads only, the v.strip boing made with suicient selvage e to hold the cross-threads b in .their relative positions. Longitudinal roo threads a may be run on simultaneously with 8o". Referring to Fig. 1, thefabric-iscomposed 8; brought more nearly togethenas shown in f Fig. 2, the cross-theadsb will be formed into loops cand will extend beyond the plane of' the threads b, orthcy may be run ou in a separate operation, as shown in Fig. 4. The

composite strip CZ b a is uext'corrugated between and parallel to the threads a, as shown in Fig. 5, in which the loops c are shown formed of the threads b, anchored to and extending above and beyond the plane of the threads a. The under surface of the rubber strip d contacts with or folds upon itself on the lincSf and being unvulcanized will adhere and form one solid mass. The corrugations may then be flattened somewhat by rolling or otherwise, so that the strip will presentasubsfantially atsurface ou each side,as shown in Fig. or widened, and the whole strip is then a mass of rubber and fibrous loops secured to the inclosed threads a.. This homogeneous strip is wound spirallyaronnd the air-tube of a tire, preferably, at au angle less than forty-ve degrees to the axis of the tube. A second complete winding is then made Ain the reverse direction and at the same angle as the iii-st winding. Enough sheet rubber is th'en applied ro make the walls of the tire of a desired thickness. the threads a. and b may be varied to correspond to the service required of them, and the loopsc in the 1i rst winding maybe shorter than the loops in the outer winding.

v I lifdesired, the threads a may be calendered onto one strip of rubber, and a stripl d bfsee Fig. 3) may then be taken, the two'fed into suitable rolls, (seehig. 7,) the flanges g of the under roll carrying l'he corrugations, vwhich are really` rows of loops, up between the threads a and into the upper rubben strip, The result would be as indicated in Fig. 8.

Fig. 9 illustrates a fabric made as'above described as it won-ld appear with the rubber removed.

Individual threads may be provided with the loops c in the following manner: A tape similar to h or fi, Fig. lO, is calendered on to a rubber strip and curved around the thread a, as shown in Fig. 1l. These threads may be used singly or a seriesof them be run into strip form, as shown in Fig. 12, and finished, as before described, and represented in Figs. 6 and S, except that the product would have two rows of loops c instead of one between the several threads a.

Another means of producing a loop fabric is illustrated in Fig. 13.V The fabric is first woven, as shown in Fig. 13, next calcndered onto rubber, as in Fig. 3, and next corru gated, (see Fig. 14,) formingr the loose cross-4 thrcads I into loops c. The-spaces between The loops c would be opened` 'lhe size and strength ofy the rows of loopsc may be filled in by means of rubber threads, strips, or in any other suitable manner.

It is obvious that there aire various waysof.'

forming this loop fabric and accomplishing the object of this invention, and I do not limit myself to the particular means described for making a tire fabric having an lirregul'ar or broken surface, so that it is not cross threads inclosed in rubbertvhe latter threads anchored to the longitudinal threads and extending intothe inclosing rubber beyond the plane of said longitudinal threads,- substantially as described.

LL. The method of forminga fabric, consisting of ,embedding longitudinal and cross threads iu a strip of rubber, and corrngating the strip to form loops of one set of threads,.

substantially as described. L

5. A pneumatic tire consisting' of one or more tubes or layers of rubber, in combinationwith a fabric having main threads applied to the tire to prevent bursting, and having other threads or fibers anchored to the main threads and extending-out and beyond the plane of the said main threads into the surrounding rubber, all of the parts being vnlcanized together, substantially as described.

6. lu a pneumatic tire a'sheath or cover4 for an air-tube, consisting of one or more tubes ICO or layers of rubber, in combination with a fabric having main threads applied Jto vthe tire-sheath to prevent bursting, and having other threads or fibers anchored to the mam threads and extending out and beyond the plane of the said main threads intolthe surrounding rnbber, all of the'parts being vulcanized together, substantially as described.

`name lto this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PARDON W. TILLINGI'IAST..

Witnesses:

SOCRATES ScHoLriELn, JOHN J. BUTLER. 

